The Greek musical instruments were initially fairly simple and also the lira had only four strings and for improve the harmonic combinations Terpando passed to the seven-stringed lyre, but Pythagoras and his circle to make possible agreements of octave and fifth added the eighth rope that also allowed to harmonize the concept based on the number of the Cosmos (which is a Pythagorean term), since in all things nature seemed to assimilate to the numbers. According to the story of Nicomachus of Gerasa seems that Pythagoras to avoid the monotonous effect with only the fourth tunes made from the intermediate notes of the two tetrachords joined in the seven-stringed made to vibrate along with the extreme (basically in a pattern E - - A, A - - D) added a string and in this way with the eight-sringed lyre made possible the octave tune (1 : 2) and then over to the fourth E - - A (3 : 4), also the fifth A - - - E (2 : 3).
In the world the number of people who die from causes attributable to excess weight would be three times more people die from malnutrition (in 2010), then, paradoxically, modern civilization would be gone from scarcity to abundance of food available until the excess often made of poor quality foods and adverse for health, so that life is very long compared to the past, but we live with so many ailments and disabilities, including various pains and mental stress. Malnutrition drops in the ranking of causes of death and disease, while increase at the opposite in the same unhealthy areas the excessive intake of food, whereas now more that child hunger is evaluated high blood pressure and consumption of alcohol and cigarettes. Would be few people who live long in good health, since for an effective wellness should remain in physical and mental shape also taking care of the nutrition.
Building on the important "concept" that Socrates (469-399 BC) places at the base of each coherent discussion as a kind of goal Plato takes a small step moving from concepts to ideas posed in a transcendent world (the so-called supercelestial) respect to the material senses, but not for this reason not common to all, otherwise there would be practically nothing to argue to find some kind of agreement. Ideas already exist in us and the soul will lose the memory until the time with a dialectical reasoning can not find a path for attempts, called anamnesis, to can resurface to the memory. Aristotle developed the philosophical arguments distinguishes these moments in two logical phases, the first in which we try to understand the first principles of all science and a second in which the syllogism is passed through from concept to concept in a kind of almost mathematical demonstration.
The news that at the Doha Conference on Climate Change in Qatar has been decided to extend until 2020 (doing in this way bridge to the times when it comes into force the so-called Durban platform) measures to control emissions of pollutants included in the Kyoto Protocol leaves some questions about the real environmental progress for the planet since the countries who enter the most carbon dioxide in the atmosphere have never joined the initiative and it is also unclear how will be allocated aid to countries affected by climate change. Rising sea level poses a serious threat to the islands such as Nauru in Micronesia, and the Marshal in the Pacific Ocean where the capital Majuro is only one meter above sea level and ice of the Arctic are melting at a faster rate than calculated than also the greenhouse effect is more pronounced than expected.
Winds to two hundred kilometres per hour caused by typhoon "Bopha" hit central areas and the southern Philippines, causing at least a thousand [16/12] victims in a provisional balance since there would be over eight hundred and forty missing, again hit the island of Mindanao (one year about away from tropical storm Washi that has claimed more than a thousand victims). The Army is committed to putting at risk the lives of rescuers to bring aid to the people for example in the Andap village, in New Bataan, in the province of Compostela Valley and other areas affected by floods of water and wind that brought down many trees, sometimes overwhelming the unfortunates who were under. Shifting the focus to other issues always on climate change should be noted that the analysis of satellite levels of surface water in North America and North Europe, global warming may have been underestimated.
The damage caused by the hurricane "Sandy" then become post-tropical storm would not be easily repaired, and many families are still without electricity in America and continues to raise the death toll that would be more than hundred of which forty in New York, also there would be no difficulty in transport, oil supplies and environmental damage to oil spills at sea while the situation tends slowly to normalize. As regard for the woman's name given to the hurricanes seems to derive from practices taken during World War II, then was usually adopted for easier and faster communication to the public in case of emergency from the moment that the name with latitude-longitude could be difficult to understand and to use in the conversations, but the various names chosen (according to some pretty questionable) are rolling and now include male names.
While the big new rover to Mars is positioned for monitoring temperatures over eighty degrees below zero on Earth thermometers often record peaks of heat related to global warming and now we would also be a controversy over the American decision to want to remove the goal of trying to maintain global warming below two degrees centigrade. The living conditions on Mars are not suitable for "human" life because of radiation and temperature on average too low and for the moment (it is a first exploration phase) from the robot driven by a little ecologic nuclear pile was not found water but plenty of dust. Of note changing climate scenario and the planet that torrential rains have hit the Philippines with seventy-two victims and eight hundred five thousand displaced, then in Honduras and in China the population is preparing to face with tropical storms and typhoons.
Considerations on the discovery of the Higgs boson
Shortly after the denial that the neutrino can be faster than light comes the "epochal" discovery of the Higgs boson, but this time there would be the confirmation of the presence of this kind of field that generates the mass of all particles fundamental that aggregate the Higgs boson to gain weight, a little as would happen with small pieces of absorbent paper (of different size and thickness) that permeate of the ink when they are placed at his touch. This ingredient of the standard model, that all matter consists of quarks and leptons, it is important for understanding the structure of the universe although some argued for some time that it is not clear if the Higgs boson may or may not have a mass since if was obtained from the its same field inferred that the relative calculations on the size of the universe would reduce it to the dimension of a ball game. [2015 - already is hypothesized the presence of another particle].
Individual initiatives to safeguard the environment
A minimum progress in ecology with economies more sustainable for the environment is intended to be supported only by individual initiatives since international authorities do not seem willing to reach a deal that will bring about some improvement over previous standards, at least as shows the results obtained from the vertices in Brazil and the subsequent controversy that some have advanced further on issues ranging from sustainable energy, food security and oceans also with regard to pollution and global warming. The really poor nations are often most affected by climate change, do not even have a say, while countries in the so-called "developing" ones that seem more may make the difference in the future for example in the use of fossil fuels.
A series of earthquakes, the strongest with a magnitude of 5.9 or maybe 6 in an area located to the north of Bologna, has particularly affected the Emilia-Romagna causing seven victims, several injuries and damages yet to be quantified (in some town centers in the rubble of the collapses have changed the landscape architecture), but was distinctly felt in Veneto, Lombardy and in many other regions while others are still awaiting any response since the energy released in the subsurface has been significant. Another event that has shaken the conscience this time of the attack was caused in Brindisi at the professional school "Morvillo Falcone" against some girls, one of sixteen died, invested by the explosion of gas cylinders placed in a dumpster for the garbage collection and detonated with a timer or a remote control with the objectives and purposes not yet fully understood.
Groups of workers they would be proceeding to reclaim the city of Itate in Japan while some argue that it would be better to rebuild in another place not contaminated and then with all those high-pressure wash is likely to channel only particles of radioactive cesium in the local river, then there are other places where they were found very high levels of radiation at times due to the use of building materials obtained from quarries near the damaged plant of Fukushima Daiichi and citizens need to be made at least one control with Geiger counters. The authorities in the country would be to turn on those reactors that have undergone stress tests, but the population to nearly a year after the nuclear accident in Fukushima is still concerned about food security and it seems that some typical Japanese habits are a few changed also for cause of the psychological consequences of the disaster.
The government operations in place to quell the protests in Syria would be an act of violence major than those already seen in cases of mass riots and organizations complain that it was drawn up a secret list of Syrian officials accused of crimes against humanity since that were reported unheard torture, and at least five hundred children killed. The attack plans to crush the opponents would be the "work of government leaders" and thousands of protesters were killed including many women and violence did not stop even in hospitals against the injuries with a scenario similar to that already seen in Libya with humanitarian health staff and journalists inexplicably gone under the fire of soldiers without considering that the level of fighting is growing with groups recruited strategically to commit crimes against humanity, deliberately ignoring the many calls for a truce.
To reduce swelling after an intense workout and relieve a little the pain some sporting individuals sore limbs dip in cold water or apply cold wetting on the muscles and according to the results of a small study this practice does not mean it is safe at least in comparison to other "decongestants" habits that over time have become widespread among the general public (as opposed to using warm water). Immersion in cold water according to the researchers could lead to sudden stress to the body, and although athletes accustomed to intense and prolonged efforts argue that it is the only way to avoid that the arts continue to swell after long training sessions do not necessarily is really healthy even if it was indeed detected a certain calming factor. Then to discourage the use of cold water and chill for individuals who have circulatory problems or ice packs on the arts that have superficial wounds.
Depending on how the biological rhythm of the organism is able to scan the correct time also varies the immune system's ability to cope with the infection and if this mechanism does not work properly decreases the possibility of eliminating possible pathogens; moreover, researchers are studying the role of a particular receptor that could activate the genetic code in order to combat viruses and bacteria, but influenced in his action by the specific "temporal" zone of circadian rhythm. Able to identify links that molecular regulate the immune system on the basis of circadian rhythms would be useful for both the prevention and for the treatment of certain diseases since it has been noted that a serious risk to health for example in case of infection increase in a precise shift and the same medicines should be administered by the appropriate phase of the biological rhythm of the body.
Excessive consumption of sugar is connected to serious problems for the organism as metabolic syndrome, diabetes and hypertension who also have a cost to health systems increasingly short of resources and some suggest to compare the sugar to alcohol and tobacco how toxicity, with taxes to discourage the consumption, while others would argue that saturated fats and low physical activity are the real cause of many diseases typical of modern societies. Obesity is a problem in many countries and the number of individuals who can not keep the weight under control would be considerably higher than that of individuals undernourished and also the mortality rate connectable to chronic diseases appears to be either superior to that of infectious diseases and the researchers note that on the evolutionary point of view natural sugar in fruit is available only at harvest and also the honey is defended by bees and can not easily take.
Studies in the past sought the causes for which were repeated in the history of massacres and unspeakable genocides that people seem not remember the agony that these events caused in the consciences of all (or the most sensitive), and investigators blamed this phenomenon to the natural mechanism that the brain tends to forget many of the memories stored and then despite individuals know what are the consequences of bloody wars cyclically repeating the same brutal violence. Make a list of murders, massacres and human cruelty is difficult without considering that the populations were massacred not only for reasons of power and exploitation of natural and human resources but also because of writings called "inspired", and then actually pass over silence many violence that have exceeded in atrocities the previous limits and in the future can not even remember them.
Will probably proceed to cut and remove [or lift] the cruise ship sank near the port the Island of Giglio in Tuscany and meanwhile the victims has risen to thirty with two [22/03] definitive missing, while some question arises about the maneuvers of command and staff on how a ship with on the bridge a modern on-board instrumentation capable of detecting "easily" the rocks will be sunk in balance on a kind of rocky step with the risk of slipping with the waves and pollute the environment with the remaining fuel in the tanks. The ship with fifteen hundred cabins is a kind of town traveling on the sea rather safe and should automatically notify and avoid obstacles identified with computerized depth sounder, sonar.., but despite the technology also rescue operations have apparently been slow, disorganized and not very dissimilar from classic historic shipwrecks.